The world in
What happened in 1926?
17 events across 7 world regions, each with its sources.
Europe
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Rise of Fascism as a Political IdeologyFascism emerged as a far-right political ideology and movement in Europe during the 1920s and early 1930s, notably in Italy and Germany. Its core features included veneration of a dictatorial leader, ultranationalism, violent suppression of opposition, and strict regimentation of society and economy. Opposed to communism, democracy, and liberalism, its rise was closely tied to post-World War I economic and social crises.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: Unidentified photographer / Public domain ↗
Signing of the Treaty on the Creation of the USSROn December 30, 1922, the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR was signed at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, officially establishing the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Plenipotentiary delegates from the Russian, Transcaucasian, Ukrainian, and Byelorussian Soviet republics signed the treaty, along with a declaration serving as its preamble. The treaty legally formalized the political union of the Soviet republics that had existed since 1919, creating a new federal government with centralized functions in Moscow. Legislative power was vested in the Congress of Soviets and the Central Executive Committee, while executive power lay with the Council of People's Commissars.
Signing of the 1926 Slavery ConventionOn 25 September 1926, the Slavery Convention was signed in Geneva under the League of Nations, aiming to advance the abolition of slavery and the slave trade. It entered into force on 9 March 1927 and was later supplemented by a 1956 UN convention. By 2013, 99 states had signed.
- Signing of the Treaty of Berlin (1926)
On 24 April 1926, Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Treaty of Berlin in Berlin, pledging neutrality for five years if the other was attacked by a third party. The treaty reaffirmed the 1922 Treaty of Rapallo.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
Founding of the Grand Mosque of ParisThe Grand Mosque of Paris was established in 1926 in the 5th arrondissement of Paris to honour Muslim soldiers from French colonies who fought for France. Built in Mudéjar style with a 33-metre minaret, it was inaugurated on 15 July 1926 by President Gaston Doumergue, with the first public prayer led by Sufi leader Ahmad al-Alawi. It later became one of the largest mosques in France, playing a key role in promoting the visibility of Islam in the country.
Designation of Gdynia City Centre DistrictThe Polish city of Gdynia established its central borough as the core administrative district of the city.
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Founding of the Delville Wood South African National MemorialIn the early 20th century, a South African national memorial was founded in Delville Wood near Longueval, Somme, France, to commemorate the participation of South African troops in the First World War. Opposite the memorial lies the Delville Wood Commonwealth War Graves cemetery.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: Carcharoth (Commons) / CC BY-SA 3.0 ↗
Construction of Maison Guiette (Les Peupliers)Designed by Le Corbusier in 1926 and built in 1927, Maison Guiette is an early example of the International Style, located in Antwerp, Belgium. The house and studio were built for painter and art critic René Guiette, and it remains one of the architect's lesser-known works.
North Africa
Rif War beginsIn 1921, armed conflict broke out between Spain and Berber tribes of the Rif region in northern Morocco. Led by Abd el-Krim, Rifian forces used guerrilla tactics and captured Western weaponry to repeatedly defeat Spanish troops. France intervened in 1925, escalating the war, which ended with the surrender of the Rifian resistance.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: José Moreno Carbonero / Public domain ↗
Outbreak of the French conquest of MoroccoIn 1907, France began its conquest of the Sultanate of Morocco by occupying Oujda on 29 March. Subsequent military campaigns led to the Treaty of Fes in 1912, establishing the French protectorate, while pacification operations continued until 1934.
Central & South America
Banana WarsBetween 1898 and 1934, the United States carried out a series of military occupations, police actions, and interventions in Central America and the Caribbean. These operations were primarily conducted by the United States Marine Corps, which compiled the Small Wars Manual (1921) based on its experiences.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: A. R. Harrison, United States Marine Corps / Public domain ↗
Completion of the Hercílio Luz BridgeThe Hercílio Luz Bridge was completed in 1926 in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. It is the first bridge to link the Island of Santa Catarina to the mainland, spanning the strait that separates them and greatly facilitating transportation in the state capital.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: Rodrigo Soldon from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / CC BY 2.0 ↗
East Asia
- Launch of the Northern Expedition
In 1926, the National Revolutionary Army under the Kuomintang launched the Northern Expedition, a military campaign aimed at overthrowing the Beiyang government and ending warlordism. Led by Chiang Kai-shek, the campaign sought to reunify China, advancing from south to north.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
Zhongshan Warship IncidentThe Zhongshan Warship Incident, also known as the March 20th Incident or Canton Coup, was a political action undertaken by Chiang Kai-shek in Guangzhou on March 20, 1926. It solidified Chiang's power before the Northern Expedition, establishing him as the paramount leader.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: User Mongol on zh.wikipedia / Public domain ↗
Central Asian steppe
- Outbreak of the Basmachi Movement
In 1916, an uprising by Muslim peoples of Central Asia against tsarist conscription and colonial rule broke out in Turkestan, marking the beginning of the Basmachi movement. This decentralized resistance later turned against Soviet rule and became the most protracted anti-colonial armed struggle in the region, gradually subsiding only by 1934.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
West Asia
Founding of the Gazi Education InstituteIn 1926, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founded the Gazi Education Institute in Ankara, which later evolved into Gazi University, a comprehensive public university.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: The original uploader was Ben Linus at Turkish Wikipedia . / CC BY-SA 2.5 ↗
North America
Cristero War beginsIn 1926, the Mexican government's strict enforcement of secularist and anticlerical articles of the 1917 Constitution sparked an armed rebellion mainly in central and western Mexico, known as the Cristero War. The uprising targeted the Calles Law, issued by President Calles, which aimed to limit the Catholic Church's power and popular religiosity. The conflict lasted until 1929.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: User:Tatehuari el 01 de Junio de 2007 / Public domain ↗
Around 1926
These are known only to the century, not to the year. They are listed separately so a rough date is never mistaken for an exact one.
- Completion of the Taipei Grand Mosque
- Establishment of Women's Suffrage Worldwide
- Establishment of Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park
- Construction of Grimeton Longwave Radio Station
- Construction of the Trans-Iranian Railway begins
- Construction of the 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright Begins
- Construction of the Historic Monuments of Dengfeng in 'The Centre of Heaven and Earth'
- Establishment of the Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains