The world in
What happened in 1325?
8 events across 4 world regions, each with its sources.
West Asia
Outbreak of the Byzantine–Ottoman warsAround 1265, the first of a series of military conflicts broke out between the Byzantine Empire and the emerging Ottoman Empire over Anatolia. This clash initiated a war that lasted over two centuries, ultimately leading to the fall of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of the Ottoman Empire.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: Originally uploaded by Gabr-el (Transferred by terraflorin ) / Public domain ↗
- Mongol invasions of Anatolia
The Mongol invasions of Anatolia began in 1241 with attacks on the city of Kâlin, culminating in the Battle of Köse Dağ in 1243. After the Seljuk defeat, the Sultanate of Rum submitted, and the Mongols assumed control over Anatolia. In 1255, following repeated Seljuk rebellions, Mongol forces swept through central and eastern Anatolia and stationed a garrison near Ankara. Their effective rule lasted until the collapse of the Ilkhanate in 1335.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
Establishment of the Shah Abdol-Azim ShrineAround the early 14th century, the Shia shrine of Shah Abdol-Azim was established in Rey, present-day Tehran Province, Iran, to house the tomb of the 9th-century descendant of Imam Hasan, Abd al-Azim al-Hasani. The site later evolved into a major religious complex and was designated an Iranian national heritage site.
North America
Construction of the Templo Mayor in TenochtitlanSometime after 1325, the first Templo Mayor was built in Tenochtitlan, dedicated to the war god Huitzilopochtli and the rain god Tlaloc. It was rebuilt six times and became the religious center of the Aztec Empire. Destroyed by the Spanish in 1521, it was replaced by the Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral.
Founding of TenochtitlanThe Aztecs founded the city of Tenochtitlan on an island in Lake Texcoco, which later became the capital of the Aztec Empire. The exact date of founding is unclear; the year 1325 was later used for commemorative purposes.
Europe
- War of the Bucket
In 1325, the rival city-states of Bologna and Modena fought the War of the Bucket, triggered by a wooden bucket. The conflict consisted of only one battle, at Zappolino, which Modena won. It was part of the centuries-long struggle between the Guelphs and Ghibellines.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
Certosa di San Martino InauguratedThe Certosa di San Martino was completed and inaugurated around the late 14th century, perched atop the Vomero hill in Naples commanding the gulf, later becoming one of the city's most visible landmarks.
Central Asian steppe
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Mongol invasions and conquestsAfter the founding of the Mongol Empire in the early 13th century, Genghis Khan and his descendants launched a series of expansion wars across Eurasia, creating the largest contiguous land empire in history within a century and profoundly reshaping the political landscape of Eurasia.
SourcesWikipedia ↗Image: Sayf al-Vâhidî. Hérât. Afghanistan / Public domain ↗
Around 1325
These are known only to the century, not to the year. They are listed separately so a rough date is never mistaken for an exact one.
- Beginning of the Renaissance
- Construction of the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi begins
- Foundation of Soltaniyeh
- Construction of St. Barbara's Church
- Founding of Ayutthaya
- Founding of the Royal Monastery of Saint Mary of Guadalupe
- Completion of Deshengmen Arrow Tower
- Construction of the Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes begins