The world in
What happened in 1929?
12 events across 5 world regions, each with its sources.
Europe
- Rise of Fascism as a Political Ideology
Fascism emerged as a far-right political ideology and movement in Europe during the 1920s and early 1930s, notably in Italy and Germany. Its core features included veneration of a dictatorial leader, ultranationalism, violent suppression of opposition, and strict regimentation of society and economy. Opposed to communism, democracy, and liberalism, its rise was closely tied to post-World War I economic and social crises.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
- Signing of the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR
On December 30, 1922, the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR was signed at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, officially establishing the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Plenipotentiary delegates from the Russian, Transcaucasian, Ukrainian, and Byelorussian Soviet republics signed the treaty, along with a declaration serving as its preamble. The treaty legally formalized the political union of the Soviet republics that had existed since 1919, creating a new federal government with centralized functions in Moscow. Legislative power was vested in the Congress of Soviets and the Central Executive Committee, while executive power lay with the Council of People's Commissars.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
- Creation of Vatican City State
Vatican City State was created in 1929 through the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and Italy. The treaty resolved the Roman Question, establishing the Holy See's sovereignty over Vatican City as an independent city-state and the administrative centre of the Catholic Church. Located within Rome, it covers about 0.44 km², making it the world's smallest sovereign state.
- Signing of the Warsaw Convention
In 1929, the Warsaw Convention, officially the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air, was signed in Warsaw. It established liability rules for paying international air transport of passengers, luggage, and goods. Poland's Foreign Ministry is the depositary. It was later replaced by the 2003 Montreal Convention, though many states remain in the Warsaw system.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
- Founding of Kenwood House in Hampstead
Kenwood House was founded as a country villa in Hampstead, London. The present house, built in the late 17th century, was remodelled in the 18th century by Robert Adam for William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield. It later served as the seat of the Earls of Mansfield and is now managed by English Heritage and open to the public.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
North America
- Cristero War begins
In 1926, the Mexican government's strict enforcement of secularist and anticlerical articles of the 1917 Constitution sparked an armed rebellion mainly in central and western Mexico, known as the Cristero War. The uprising targeted the Calles Law, issued by President Calles, which aimed to limit the Catholic Church's power and popular religiosity. The conflict lasted until 1929.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
- Saint Valentine's Day Massacre
On February 14, 1929, seven members of Chicago's North Side Gang were lined up against a wall in a Lincoln Park garage and shot to death by men posing as police officers. Armed with Thompson submachine guns and a shotgun, the killers fired over 70 rounds, leaving six dead at the scene. The massacre, widely attributed to Al Capone's South Side Gang, was the culmination of a bloody turf war over bootlegging during Prohibition. The intended target, Bugs Moran, escaped. The unsolved crime sparked a public outcry and intensified law enforcement pressure on Capone.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
- Completion of the Édifice Price
The Édifice Price was completed in Quebec City, Canada, as an 18-floor skyscraper. Built for Price Brothers Limited by the Price family, construction began around 1928 and sparked controversy over its impact on the old city's appearance. Upon completion, it became the tallest building in the Old Quebec historic district and one of the oldest skyscrapers in Canada.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
Central Asian steppe
- Outbreak of the Basmachi Movement
In 1916, an uprising by Muslim peoples of Central Asia against tsarist conscription and colonial rule broke out in Turkestan, marking the beginning of the Basmachi movement. This decentralized resistance later turned against Soviet rule and became the most protracted anti-colonial armed struggle in the region, gradually subsiding only by 1934.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
- Founding of Magnitogorsk
In 1931, Magnitogorsk was founded as an industrial city on the eastern slopes of the southern Urals by the Ural River, becoming Russia's largest steel-making center.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
Central & South America
- Banana Wars
Between 1898 and 1934, the United States carried out a series of military occupations, police actions, and interventions in Central America and the Caribbean. These operations were primarily conducted by the United States Marine Corps, which compiled the Small Wars Manual (1921) based on its experiences.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
North Africa
- Outbreak of the French conquest of Morocco
In 1907, France began its conquest of the Sultanate of Morocco by occupying Oujda on 29 March. Subsequent military campaigns led to the Treaty of Fes in 1912, establishing the French protectorate, while pacification operations continued until 1934.
SourcesWikipedia ↗
Around 1929
These are known only to the century, not to the year. They are listed separately so a rough date is never mistaken for an exact one.
- Establishment of Women's Suffrage Worldwide
- Establishment of Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park
- Construction of Grimeton Longwave Radio Station
- Construction of the Trans-Iranian Railway begins
- Construction of the 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright Begins
- Construction of the Historic Monuments of Dengfeng in 'The Centre of Heaven and Earth'
- Establishment of the Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains
- Designation of the Maotianshan Shales member and type section